{"id":573,"date":"2025-05-16T11:14:37","date_gmt":"2025-05-16T11:14:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/clubelisboa.pt\/anuario\/anuario-janus-2024\/"},"modified":"2026-10-15T10:27:34","modified_gmt":"2026-10-15T10:27:34","slug":"anuario-janus-2026","status":"publish","type":"anuario","link":"https:\/\/clubelisboa.pt\/en\/anuario\/anuario-janus-2026\/","title":{"rendered":"JANUS 2026 \u2013 WORLD ORDER"},"content":{"rendered":"

Edited since 1996\u201397 by OBSERVARE \u2013 the Observatory of Foreign Relations of the Autonomous University of Lisbon, the JANUS Yearbook has been co-published in partnership with the Club of Lisbon since the 2024\u20132025 edition.<\/p>\n

The Janus Yearbook adopts a holistic approach to international relations, ranging from government foreign policies to the community of nations and societal interactions. It brings together multiple fields \u2014 including politics, diplomacy, strategy, the environment, economics, technology and culture \u2014 with particular attention to the most current social dynamics and phenomena.<\/p>\n

In the 2026 edition, the Yearbook once again comprises two sections: a general section on the international situation, featuring a range of articles on relevant contemporary dynamics and phenomena; and a specific section, organised as a thematic dossier, which in this edition is dedicated to “The International Order”.<\/p>\n

Articles may be submitted in Portuguese, English, Spanish, French or Italian, and are edited and made available online on a rolling basis on this page. The complete edition of the JANUS Yearbook is published digitally and in print at the end of the year.<\/p>\n

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1. INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT<\/h3>\n

ORGANIZA\u00c7\u00c3O DE COOPERA\u00c7\u00c3O DE XANGAI: A COES\u00c3O M\u00cdNIMA VI\u00c1VEL<\/a><\/strong>
\nGon\u00e7alo Gromicho<\/strong>
\n24 setembro
\nA Organiza\u00e7\u00e3o de Coopera\u00e7\u00e3o de Xangai (OCX) acomoda um grau de antagonismo interno que nenhuma outra organiza\u00e7\u00e3o de seguran\u00e7a contempor\u00e2nea… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

INTELLIGENCE, HYBRID THREATS AND EUROPEAN SECURITY<\/a><\/strong>
\nRicardo Rodrigues Caiado<\/strong>
\n21 September
\nHybrid competition changes the conditions under which European security is organised. Intelligence cannot guarantee prevention, and its strategic value… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

EUROPEAN STRATEGIC AUTONOMY: TECHNOLOGY, CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND STRATEGIC DEPENDENCIES<\/a><\/strong>
\nRicardo Rodrigues Caiado<\/strong>
\n21 September
\nThe strategic importance of technologies, infrastructures, data and supply chains is increasing in the emerging international order… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

A INTELIG\u00caNCIA ARTIFICIAL JOGA COM OS DADOS<\/a><\/strong>
\nAnt\u00f3nio Raimundo<\/strong>
\n19 setembro
\nO papel do discernimento humano num contexto de desenvolvimento r\u00e1pido da IA depender\u00e1 n\u00e3o s\u00f3 de como os algoritmos se autoconstru\u00edrem e evolu\u00edrem… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

PORTUGAL AND ROVANIEMI: SECURITY ACROSS THE ARCTIC\u2013ATLANTIC CONTINUUM<\/a><\/strong>
\nTeresa Barros Cardoso<\/strong>
\n18 September
\nThe article examines Portugal\u2019s position within Arctic\u2013Atlantic security, highlighting how political recognition and functional relevance coexist with… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

ESG IN CHECK: SUSTAINABLE NORMATIVE FRAMEWORKS AND CLIMATE FINANCE
\nIN THE WORLD ORDER<\/a><\/strong>
\nJos\u00e9 Tiago de Sousa<\/strong>
\n4 September
\nThe article dissects the European architecture of ESG \u2013 from CBAM to CSRD, passing through green bonds \u2013 and exposes its dual nature: internally … read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

O MUNDO A SEUS P\u00c9S: O PODER NA PALMA DA M\u00c3O<\/a><\/strong>
\nAnt\u00f3nio Raimundo<\/strong>
\n15 setembro
\nO smartphone \u00e9 hoje um dispositivo t\u00e9cnico e um objeto geoecon\u00f3mico e geopol\u00edtico, funcionando como interface de acesso, sensor distribu\u00eddo, arquivo pessoal… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

PORTUGAL: ENTRE \u00c1FRICA, AM\u00c9RICA E EUROPA<\/a><\/strong>
\nBernardo Mota Veiga<\/strong>
\n8 setembro
\nA hist\u00f3ria deixou a Portugal uma rede de rela\u00e7\u00f5es muito superior \u00e0 dimens\u00e3o do seu territ\u00f3rio, mas que n\u00e3o… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

PRIMEIRO O PA\u00cdS, DEPOIS A REGI\u00c3O: INTEGRA\u00c7\u00c3O REGIONAL E DESENVOLVIMENTO EM \u00c1FRICA<\/a><\/strong>
\nFernando Jorge Cardoso<\/strong>
\n23 agosto
\nPrimeiro o pa\u00eds, depois a regi\u00e3o, sublinha que o alcance, o ritmo e a profundidade dos processos de integra\u00e7\u00e3o regional dependem… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

TRINTA ANOS DE CPLP: ENTRE O ENCANTO \u201cDIPLORRAM\u00c1TICO\u201d E AS PROMESSAS DE UMA COMUNIDADE AINDA INCOMPLETA<\/a><\/strong>
\nEug\u00e9nio Costa Almeida<\/strong>
\n9 agosto
\nTr\u00eas d\u00e9cadas de exist\u00eancia da Comunidade dos Pa\u00edses de L\u00edngua Portuguesa (CPLP) revelam a sua utilidade enquanto espa\u00e7o de concerta\u00e7\u00e3o pol\u00edtico-diplom\u00e1tica… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

PORTUGAL NA FAIXA E ROTA: OS CORREDORES DIGITAL E ESPACIAL<\/a><\/strong>
\nFla\u0301vio Silva<\/strong>
\n6 agosto
\nA Rota da Seda Digital e a Rota da Seda Espacial s\u00e3o apresentadas como instrumentos para reduzir a lacuna de desenvolvimento tecnol\u00f3gico… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

ISLAMIC FINANCE IN THE MODERN WORLD: EXPANDING THE PERIMETER OF THE PERMISSIBLE AND THE FUTURE OF ETHICAL FINANCE<\/a><\/strong>
\nJaseem Ahmed<\/strong>
\n29 June
\nThis article analyses Islamic finance, its origins and expansion, including the Shari\u2019ah foundations and the distinct ethical identity. For its further development… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

DO GOLFO P\u00c9RSICO AO FERTILIZANTE: ENERGIA,SEGURAN\u00c7A ALIMENTAR E O PAPEL ESTRAT\u00c9GICO DO G\u00c1S NATURAL<\/a><\/strong>
\nLu\u00eds Desid\u00e9rio Ferreira<\/strong>
\n12 maio
\nA liga\u00e7\u00e3o entre o Golfo P\u00e9rsico, o mercado energ\u00e9tico e os fertilizantes demonstra como a seguran\u00e7a alimentar mundial est\u00e1 profundamente interligada… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

EUROPE\u2019S COGNITIVE SECURITY: GENERATIVE AI, HYBRID CONFLICT AND DEMOCRATIC RESILIENCE<\/a><\/strong>
\nMarco Marsili<\/strong>
\n27 April
\nThe spread of generative AI, hybrid conflict and foreign information manipulation is reshaping… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

A COOPERA\u00c7\u00c3O DE DEFESA NA CPLP<\/a><\/strong>
\nLa\u00e9rcio Eduardo de Ara\u00fajo<\/strong>
\n19 abril
\nA Comunidade dos Pa\u00edses de L\u00edngua Portuguesa (CPLP) disp\u00f5e da arquitetura e dos instrumentos de coopera\u00e7\u00e3o… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

A PRIVATIZA\u00c7\u00c3O DA (IN)SEGURAN\u00c7A NA NOVA CONFLITUALIDADE INTERNACIONAL<\/a><\/strong>
\nTiago Louren\u00e7o<\/strong>
\n3 mar\u00e7o
\nNesta nova era de inseguran\u00e7a e conflitualidade, o recurso a empresas militares e de seguran\u00e7a privadas tornou-se um instrumento… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

SEGURAN\u00c7A, PODER E MEDIA\u00c7\u00c3O NO C\u00c1UCASO DO SUL: LI\u00c7\u00d5ES DO CONFLITO ARM\u00c9NIA\u2013AZERBAIJ\u00c3O<\/a><\/strong>
\nSandra Fernandes, M\u00e1rio Godinho de Matos<\/strong>
\n10 fevereiro
\nNas din\u00e2micas p\u00f3s-conflito entre a Arm\u00e9nia e o Azerbaij\u00e3o evidenciam-se as implica\u00e7\u00f5es para a seguran\u00e7a regional, os limites… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

THE PROCESS OF IMPROVING THE EUROPEAN DEFENCE<\/a><\/strong>
\nLu\u00eds Valen\u00e7a Pinto<\/strong>
\n9 February
\nReinforcing European defence is currently an imperative, considering the extremely challenging international… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

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1.1 GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP: DEVELOPMENT, INEQUALITIES AND HUMAN RIGHTS<\/h5>\n

L\u00cdNGUA, CIDADANIA E DESENVOLVIMENTO NA GUIN\u00c9-BISSAU: OS DESAFIOS DO PLURILINGUISMO<\/a><\/strong>
\nGuilherme Zeverino<\/strong>
\n22 setembro
\nNa Guin\u00e9-Bissau, a pol\u00edtica lingu\u00edstica cruza a fragilidade do Estado, a coopera\u00e7\u00e3o para o desenvolvimento, a constru\u00e7\u00e3o institucional, a educa\u00e7\u00e3o… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

RENOVAR A PARCERIA IBERO-AMERICANA NUM MUNDO EM TRANSFORMA\u00c7\u00c3O<\/a><\/strong>
\nAna Correia<\/strong>
\n14 julho
\nO espa\u00e7o ibero-americano \u2013 e, em particular, a rela\u00e7\u00e3o triangular entre Portugal, \u00c1frica e Am\u00e9rica Latina \u2013 afirma-se como uma plataforma singular para promover… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

CUIDAR COMO POL\u00cdTICA P\u00daBLICA: PROTE\u00c7\u00c3O SOCIAL, IGUALDADE E DESENVOLVIMENTO NA AM\u00c9RICA LATINA<\/a><\/strong>
\nPedro Vieitas Antunes<\/strong>
\n14 julho
\nEste artigo analisa a passagem do cuidado de obriga\u00e7\u00e3o dom\u00e9stica, frequentemente invis\u00edvel, para uma dimens\u00e3o central da prote\u00e7\u00e3o social, da igualdade… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE VALUE CHAIN: A SERIOUS AFFAIR<\/a><\/strong>
\nCl\u00e1udia Pedra<\/strong>
\n3 July
\nMany people are still not aware of the human rights violations that happen in the corporate world, often closer to them than they think. Human trafficking… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

DAS NOVAS GUERRAS \u00c0S MIGRA\u00c7\u00d5ES: O SUBDESENVOLVIMENTO COMO AMEA\u00c7A?<\/a><\/strong>
\nJos\u00e9 Manuel Pureza, S\u00edlvia Roque e Daniela Nascimento<\/strong>
\n2 julho
\nO bin\u00f3mio subdesenvolvimento-desenvolvimento sempre traduziu uma rela\u00e7\u00e3o de poder entre o centro e a periferia. Nas \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas, a no\u00e7\u00e3o… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

CABO VERDE N\u00c3O CABE NAS ILHAS<\/a><\/strong>
\nMarta Lan\u00e7a<\/strong>
\n1 julho
\nCabo Verde tem desafiado muitos determinismos sobre \u00c1frica e granjeado o reconhecimento internacional. A capacidade de transformar… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

TEMOS OBRIGA\u00c7\u00d5ES MORAIS PARA COM OS MAIS DESFAVORECIDOS?<\/a><\/strong>
\nMaria Marques<\/strong>
\n15 junho
\nA erradica\u00e7\u00e3o da pobreza n\u00e3o \u00e9 apenas n\u00e3o \u00e9 apenas uma meta econ\u00f3mica ou pol\u00edtica; \u00e9 o maior desafio… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

XENOFOBIA, AFROFOBIA E CRISE DE PERTEN\u00c7A NA \u00c1FRICA DO SUL P\u00d3S-APARTHEID<\/a><\/strong>
\nEug\u00e9nio Costa Almeida<\/strong>
\n12 junho
\nNa \u00c1frica do Sul, a viol\u00eancia contra imigrantes africanos est\u00e1 a transformar-se num dos cen\u00e1riosmais persistentes… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

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2. WORLD ORDER<\/h3>\n

OS PODERES DO SECRET\u00c1RIO-GERAL DA ONU S\u00c3O \u201cO MAIOR BLUFF<\/em> DAS RELA\u00c7\u00d5ES INTERNACIONAIS\u201d?<\/a><\/strong>
\nBernardo Ivo Cruz<\/strong>
\n20 setembro
\nEm 2026, Ant\u00f3nio Guterres termina o seu segundo mandato como Secret\u00e1rio-Geral das Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas. Isto representa, igualmente, o fim de quase dez anos… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

O ESTADO DE EXCE\u00c7\u00c3O AMERICANO NO DIREITO INTERNACIONAL E A CONTESTA\u00c7\u00c3O HEGEM\u00d3NICA<\/a><\/strong>
\nM\u00e1rio Leiria dos Santos<\/strong>
\n21 setembro
\nNeste artigo, procura-se explorar como o Direito Internacional tem sido mais um dos palcos onde a contesta\u00e7\u00e3o hegem\u00f3nica entre Pequim e Washington… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

CIBERTERRORISMO E USO DA FOR\u00c7A NA ORDEM MUNDIAL<\/a><\/strong>
\nRicardo Rodrigues Caiado<\/strong>
\n9 setembro
\nO ciberespa\u00e7o tornou-se uma infraestrutura essencial das sociedades e, simultaneamente, um dom\u00ednio de competi\u00e7\u00e3o estrat\u00e9gica, coer\u00e7\u00e3o e produ\u00e7\u00e3o de riscos transnacionais. O ciberterrorismo coloca … read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

GREENLAND: BETWEEN AUTONOMY AND DEPENDENCE IN THE NEW ARCTIC ORDER<\/a><\/strong>
\nTeresa Barros Cardoso<\/strong>
\n6 September
\nThe article examines Greenland\u2019s reconfiguration within the emerging Arctic order, highlighting how its growing autonomy … read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

DEPOIS DE GUTERRES: PODER, G\u00c9NERO E REPRESENTATIVIDADE NA ONU<\/a><\/strong>
\nDaniel Cardoso<\/strong>
\n2 setembro
\nEm 2026 termina o segundo mandato de Ant\u00f3nio Guterres como Secret\u00e1rio-Geral das Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas, sendo necess\u00e1rio escolher quem lhe suceder\u00e1. Este artigo analisa… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

AS GRANDES POT\u00caNCIAS E O REGRESSO \u00c0 LUA<\/a><\/strong>
\nJos\u00e9 Manuel F\u00e9lix Ribeiro<\/strong>
\n31 agosto
\nAs principais pot\u00eancias mundiais est\u00e3o empenhadas no investimento e explora\u00e7\u00e3o do Espa\u00e7o Exterior, incluindo a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de bases permanentes… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

UM \u00c2NGULO PORTUGU\u00caS NA FUTURA ORDEM MUNDIAL SOB O REALISMO ESTRUTURAL<\/a><\/strong>
\nJo\u00e3o Tavares<\/strong>
\n25 junho
\nO artigo analisa o enquadramento geopol\u00edtico da perspetiva do realismo estrutural, abordando a forma como… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

THE CONSTITUTION OF THE EARTH. A WISHFUL COSMOPOLITANISM?<\/a><\/strong>
\nErmanno Vitale<\/strong>
\n1 May
\nLuigi Ferrajoli, a legal philosopher and constitutionalist well known especially in the Latin world, proposes… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

FROM THE NORTH ATLANTIC TO THE INDO-PACIFIC VIA THE ARCTIC: ROLES FOR CANADA, FRANCE,PORTUGAL, AND VIETNAM IN AN EVOLVING MARITIME AND COMMERCIAL ORDER<\/a><\/strong>
\nC\u00e9line Rodrigues, Homa Azodi<\/strong>
\n17 April
\nThe Artic is increasingly a centre of strategic competition. The interplay among… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n

VISIBLE WARS, FORGOTTEN WARS AND WORLD ORDER. MEDIA ATTENTION, COGNITIVE COMPETITION AND GLOBAL RESPONSE<\/a><\/strong>
\nMarco Marsili<\/strong>
\n6 April
\nThe current information environment has intensified competition for salience and widened the gap… read more<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":5272,"template":"","class_list":["post-573","anuario","type-anuario","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nJANUS 2026 \u2013 WORLD ORDER - Clube Lisboa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/clubelisboa.pt\/en\/anuario\/anuario-janus-2026\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"JANUS 2026 \u2013 WORLD ORDER - Clube Lisboa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Edited since 1996\u201397 by OBSERVARE \u2013 the Observatory of Foreign Relations of the Autonomous University of Lisbon, the JANUS Yearbook has been co-published in partnership with the Club of Lisbon since the 2024\u20132025 edition. 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